Теория социокультурных систем english
Dmitry V. Nikolaenko
THEORY OF THE
SOCIO-CULTURAL SYSTEMS:
DEFINITIONS, TYPOLOGY,
TIME-SPATIAL MODELS
Translated by
Tatyana Nikolaenko
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 153
1. THE TERMINOLOGY AND
CONCEPTS USED:
DEFINITIONS 154
2. TYPES OF THE
SOCIO-CULTURAL FORMATIONS 158
3. PERIODS OF THE
SOCIO-CULTURAL SYSTEMS’ (SCS)
EVOLUTION 169
4. EVOLUTION OF THE SPACES OF
THE SOCIO-CULTURAL
SYSTEMS:
NUMERICAL SYMBOLS TO THE
TIME-SPATIAL
MODELS 173
5. EVOLUTION OF THE SPACES OF
THE SOCIO-CULTURAL
SYSTEMS:
LEGEND TO THE TIME-SPATIAL MODELS 177
6. EVOLUTION OF THE SPACES OF
THE SOCIO-CULTURAL
SYSTEMS: TIME-SPATIAL MODELS 180
6.1. BARBARIAN-NOMADIC SCS 180
6.2. MUSLIM SCS 187
6.3. CHINESE SCS 194
6.4. WESTERN SCS 201
6.5. RUSSIAN SCS 208
6.6. HINDU SCS 215
6.7. SOUTH-AMERICAN SCS 222
6.8. BLACK AFRICAN SCS 229
7. PERIODS AND SUBPERIODS OF THE
SOCIO-CULTURAL
SYSTEMS EVOLUTION 236
INTRODUCTION
his article is the first brief, but hopefully more or
less systematical presentation of the theory of socio-cultural systems to an
English-reading audience. It is actually the translation of the essay
“Morphology of the Socio-Cultural Formations” written originally in Russian,
but with some extras added to present here a more complete idea of the theory.
Researches in this direction are conducted by the author since 1984, but not so
many works were published until 1997. Those that were - fortunately or
unfortunately - all are in Russian.
During these years the author lived and worked in
several countries and regions of the World: in 1985/87 it was People’s Republic
of China, in 1991/92 - Federal Republic of Germany, in 1992/93 - Republic of
South Africa, in 1994 - the USA, and in 1995/97 - South Africa again. The
result is real, personalized, not just read about observations of various
socio-cultural types of spaces.
The work on the theory is going on. In 1998/99 we
intend to make ready for publishing - in both Russian and English - texts on
socio-cultural interpretations of demographic processes and current demographic
situation in the World, state and political boundaries, wars and regional
conflicts, economics
and money, social processes in various socio-cultural systems. Some of these
directions are explored in co-opearation with our loyal colleagues and
co-authors, and Tatyana Nikolaenko in particular.
January 10th, 1998
Simferopol, Crimea
1. THE TERMINOLOGY AND CONCEPTS USED:
DEFINITIONS
In this first small chapter we wish to
define more precisely the principal terms used further. It’s always quite
complicated procedure, but in this particular case we can do it quite correctly
after describing indicative qualities of every main socio-cultural formation.
We do not even hope to present here a completely exhaustive, maximum correct
definitions, and in general don’t believe such “statements of a things’ precise
meaning” make any particular sense. It seems more important to define certain
theoretical basis that would make it possible to successively and exactly
distinguish one socio-cultural formation or process from another, along the
whole length of their historical evolution. Complexity of this task is that
socio-cultural formations and processes have very long life terms and exist as
an astonishing diversity of specific external forms. With it all, their essence
remains one and the same. Variety of the socio-cultural formations’ and
processes’ specific forms makes defining the terminology used here quite a
practical problem.
* * *
HOMELAND - the most profoundly transformed in a socio-cultural
respect territory where representatives of a certain socio-cultural formation
lived and / or still live during historically prolonged interval of time, absolutely
securing this territory as their own. Homeland’s territory is always furiously
protected and defended from any outside invasions. Representatives of the alien
socio-cultural formations may be present there only for a brief time and with
many a restrictions that especially concerns homelands of socio-cultural
systems.
Territories of the Urals and Moscow region
may serve as the examples of the Russian homeland. They were assimilated in accordance
with Russian standards and are clearly interpreted as Russian homeland, though
duration of these territories’occupation by the Russian population differs
essentially.
SOCIO-CULTURAL SYSTEM (SCS) - type of the socio-cultural formations
dominating in a socio-cultural evolution. SCS-s include main part of the
World’s population and inhabited territories. SCS-s are characterized by great
sizes of their territories and considerable quantities of own population; they
possess original standards of a space, society and state organisation as well
as many a unique qualities because of those they do differ drastically from the
rest of the socio-cultural formations.
Unique characteristics of SCS-s are as
follows:
·
ability to expand own
homeland at the expense of socio-cultural assimilation of a new territories;
·
ability to generate
complicated structure of own space, with internal buffer zones, in order to
protect and defend itself from other SCS-s;
·
complete cycle of the
space socio-cultural assimilation which includes seven principal stages;
·
domination of the inner
logics over outer factors which are always used in a strict correspondence with
the SCS’ evolution internal order;
·
ability to create
naturally dependent vassals in a course of socio-cultural transformation of
other territories;
·
own world religion, or
its own unique version;
·
ability to widen a
circulation of own language outside own homeland, and first of all - in the
internal buffer zone and among the naturally dependent vassals;
·
reliability and
self-sufficiency of own economy;
·
ability to generate and
invent stable original economic standards and forms which may have no analogues
outside a particular SCS.
There are eight SCS-s, and in the process
of their evolution each of them goes through seven stages. With this, at every
stage SCS-s acquire specific distinguished forms. Thus, there are 56
essentially different external forms of SCS-s to understand which we should
base all the theoretical interpretations on a correct generalization of a very
high level.
INTERNAL BUFFER ZONE OF SCS - qualitatively original and distinctive
socio-cultural part of the SCS’s space that is always located on the
“outskirts” of the SCS’s homeland, along its borders with other socio-cultural
formations. Internal buffer zone is destined mainly to protect homeland of a
particular SCS from immediate contacts with alien SCS-s and their possible
aggression. It may border with an external socio-cultural buffer zone as well
as an internal buffer zone of a neighbouring SCS. Organization of an internal
buffer zone is characterized by many a distinctive qualities determined by the
specific evolutionary process of the SCS this particular buffer zone belongs
to.
Example of the internal buffer zone of the
past is the territory of the Great Novgorod Principality which, during
socio-cultural contest of Russian SCS of the XI - XVI centuries, protected
Russian homeland from the invasions of Western SCS. Modern internal buffer zone
of Russian SCS is formed by the new independent states rising after the
collapse and transformation of the USSR. All of them, excluding Belarus and
Kazakhstan, have formed internal buffer zone of Russian SCS, irrespective of
their own wishes as well as - and especially - declarations.
NATURALLY DEPENDENT VASSAL - relatively integral territory with own
population that retains some unprincipal differences from the neighbouring,
dominating over it SCS, but became this SCS’ inalienable part as a result of
prolonged and systematic socio-cultural transformation. It is important that
sizes of states - naturally dependent vassals may vary essentially: the point
isn’t size in itself, but a special socio-cultural type of these formations.
Naturally dependent vassals may possess a
considerable amount of political and economic independence, have quite complicated,
and at times conflicting, relationships with their dominants, being actually
just a part of a dominating SCS.
In fact, they practically cannot change
their socio-cultural status, and the point isn’t just separate, single economic
or political actions, but socio-cultural measures that should be conducted
successively during several centuries and (most probably) on the competing SCS’
own initiative. Only initiative or, especially, declaratory wishes of a
naturally dependent vassal itself are never quite enough to change its
socio-cultural status, and not a single example of a naturally dependent vassal
really changing its status is known. Study of eight SCS-s along the whole
length of their history demonstrates that if some territory was formed as a
naturally dependent vassal of a certain SCS, then it remains as such forever.
Example of a naturally dependent vassals
are modern, now politically independent states rising on the basis of the
disintegrated former USSR. All of them, excluding only Belarus and Kazakhstan,
are naturally dependent vassals of Russia.
EXTERNAL SOCIO-CULTURAL BUFFER ZONE - type of the socio-cultural formations
that evolves to separate two or more alien SCS-s. As a rule, external buffer
zones border not immediately with the SCS-s, but with their internal buffer
zones completely controlled by their own SCS-s. External buffer zone as a
special socio-cultural formation is characterized by extreme instability and
dependence on dynamics of those SCS-s it separates.
East Europe may serve as the classic
example of the external buffer zone, being a special type of the socio-cultural
formation which separates Western and Russian SCS-s.
SOCIO-CULTURAL DOMAIN (SCD) - type of the socio-cultural formations
that is quite similar to socio-cultural system, but possesses a substantial
quantity of a principal distinctions. It’s characterized by stable and
prolonged existence as well as specific economic, social and cultural forms.
Fundamental differences compare to SCS are that SCD-s are categorically unable
to assimilate and transform new territories into own homeland, expanding it
with this, and create naturally dependent vassals: so, there is no systematic
work with space as in case of a socio-cultural systems. The effect is a sort of
socio-cultural conservation: SCD-s do not change / expand their own space and
in general do not evolve in themselves during very prolonged periods; modern
results of such phenomenon are quite modest sizes of their territories. Another
essential SCD-s distinction from SCS-s manifests itself in their extraordinary
situational behaviour.
At the present level of knowledge about
socio-cultural formations and processes, there is no possibility to determine
the reasons for emerging differences of socio-cultural systems and domains with
respect to space, but it’s possible to describe all the details and components
of these distinctions.
MIXED SOCIO-CULTURAL REGION - territory that has no distinct internal
socio-cultural dominant and where various socio-cultural formations (SCS-s,
SCD-s and buffer zones) co-exist. As a rule, these are regions of the young
historical assimilation which, in some perspective, gain socio-cultural
certainty, but with this may retain in their boundaries presence of a several
socio-cultural formations. Most probable evolution of a mixed socio-cultural
regions is into naturally dependent vassals and external buffer zones, and as a
more rare case - into part of the homeland of some SCS.
ENCLAVE - territory of a historically temporary domination of
a particular SCS within another socio-cultural formation. Genesis and evolution
of enclaves are diverse and in many respects depend on a specific characteristics
of a particular SCS’ dynamics. As a rule, enclaves are generated during process
of expanding areas controlled by one or another SCS. They carry out important
socio-cultural tasks, but are not lasting as from historical point of view.
Next in turn stage of the SCS evolution may become the reason for enclave’s
degradation, even in the absence of an external pressure.
ENCLAVE-COMMUNITY WITHIN ALIEN SCS - critical self-reproducible quantity of
one SCS’ population permanently living on the territory of another SCS and
retaining with this own specific socio-cultural standards. Enclave-community
reproduces itself by means of both natural growth and mechanical migrations of
population from maternal SCS into SCS of permanent inhabitance.
Enclave-communities are most typical for the regions of mixed socio-cultural as
well as pioneer inhabitance.
As the classical example we may consider
black inhabitants of North America, and the USA in particular.
SOCIO-CULTURAL CONTEST - process which is inherent only for socio-cultural
systems. Its socio-cultural meaning lies in developing and selecting the most
efficient, in a specific historical conditions, socio-cultural basis for a
certain SCS which should determine further ways of solving this SCS’ most
fundamental and principal problems. Socio-cultural contests may take place at
various stages of the SCS-s evolution and, as a rule, in a form of a cycle of
civil wars, domestic quarrels and feuds, economic and cultural depression. They
do usually leave the very gloomy and strange memories in the following
generations and become the subject of subsequent falsifications from the side
of their very own SCS-s. In reality, socio-cultural contests are absolutely
necessary for the efficient growth and development of any SCS and are a kind of
its response to changing arrangements of socio-cultural powers.
SOCIO-CULTURAL MIGRATIONS (SOCIO-CULTURALLY
SIGNIFICANT MIGRATIONS) -
migrations that are directed outside the traditional homeland of a certain SCS
and aimed at the socio-cultural transformation of the alien territories into
the new homeland of the SCS in question, or creating its naturally dependent
vassals. Such migrations are the unique quality of SCS-s. Specific causes that
bring them about may be very different, but, as a rule, manifest themselves
through generating a sort of the “end of the World” within traditional
homeland.
Example of the migrations aimed at the
expanding the own homeland is eastward flight of Russians onto new territories
in Siberia and Far East as from the second half of the XVI century, and
especially - as from the second half of the XVII century. The result of the
“time of troubles” within the traditional - at the time - Russian homeland and
the Russian Orthodox church schism were mass migrations of the Russian
population to new lands which thus became the new Russian homeland - not the
result of a fortuitous, but socio-culturally grounded process.
Processes of the rise and growth of the
Cossacks in Moscow Tsardom and Russian Empire as well as resettlements of a considerable
numbers of Russians in Baltic Republics and Middle Asia during Soviet times may
serve as the examples of the migrations aimed at the creating naturally
dependent vassals. Results of such “melting” actions and processes began revealing
themselves only after the USSR disintegration. Transformed in a socio-cultural
respect territories turned out to be greatly dependent from Russia.
Such processes are of universal character
and take place in the evolution of actually all the SCS-s - socio-cultural
migrations are not unique for any one of them.
2. TYPES OF THE SOCIO-CULTURAL FORMATIONS
|
socio-cultural
type
|
socio-cultural
type’s indications / qualities
|
|
1. SOCIO-CULTURAL SPACE
|
|
1.1. Relatively large areas of permanent
inhabitance
|
|
Socio-cultural system (SCS)
|
Always possesses and controls significant
territories
|
|
Socio-cultural domain (SCD)
|
Never comparable to the SCS’ space. As a
rule, it’s much less than the territory of ane taken separately SCS, and may
be quite insignificant
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Never comparable with the SCS’ space. As
a rule, it’s much less than the territory of any taken separately SCS, and as
the neighbouring socio-cultural systems progress, decreases to a certain
modest size
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
May possess quite large initial area, but
demonstrates persistent tendency to its gradual
reduction, due to various parts of the territory assimilation into and by
other socio-cultural formations - socio-cultural systems and domains
|
|
1.2. Homeland where significant
quantities of its population live permanently
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Always has own homeland where significant
part of its population lives continually
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
In accordance with this particular
criterion, there are two types of socio-cultural domains:
1. Stable SCD with permanent homeland and
permanent population;
2. Sporadic SCD, with homeland where its
population may be absent for centuries
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Homeland exists, but it’s extremely
changeable and unstable. Its fluctuations depend mainly on external factors,
such as pressure from the neighbouring SCS-s side. Furthermore, homeland
cannot be defined absolutely exactly within an entire area of enhabitance and
control of this particular socio-cultural type’s population as a whole
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Homeland has no definite, precise
character. At the developed stage, micro-differences of the neighbouring
socio-cultural enclaves’ homelands may take place. Representatives of the
various socio-cultural systems and domains have own homelands within the
mixed region
|
|
1.3. Ability to expand the homeland,
through assimilation into it new territories
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Has the ability to assimilate the new
territories into own homeland, as a rule, in regard to territories bordering
with the old homeland and extended from its borders for any distance. This
ability is the unique quality and indication of SCS
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Has no such ability. Only temporary
changes of the controlled space may take place. In practice, homeland never
changes to grow
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Has no such ability. Homeland may hardly
be defined from an entire area of permanent enhabitance of the particular
socio-cultural buffer zone’s population and its temporary control. Homeland
never grows as a result of new territories assimilation
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Socio-cultural systems’ homelands expand
to a considerable degree at the expense of transformation of the mixed
socio-cultural regions’ spaces. Population of the mixed socio-cultural
regions themselves does not reveal any tendencies to expand their
homeland(-s)
|
|
1.4. Ability to generate complicated
internal structure of own socio-cultural space,
as a response to demands from the outside
(existence of an internal buffer zones)
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Has the ability to generate complicated
internal structure of own space, mainly in order to protect and defend itself
from other SCS-s and as a response to respective demands from the outside.
This ability expresses itself in creating internal buffer zones along the
borders with other SCS-s. This is the unique quality and indication of SCS
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Has no ability to generate complicated
internal structure of own space. It’s homogeneous because of its
insignificant size and in the absence of systematic work with own space as
well as neighbouring territories during historically considerable intervals
of time
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Has no ability to generate complicated
internal structure of own space. The latter is extremely unstable and
changeable, and depends on outer factors, in particular, conditions and
conflicts of the neighbouring SCS-s
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Has no ability to generate complicated
internal structure of own space. The latter is extremely unstable and
changeable, and depends on outer factors, in particular, conditions and
conflicts of the neighbouring SCS-s
|
|
1.5. Ability to generate civilizations as
a form of the own territory
sporadic colonization and assimilation,
at the early stages of evolution
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Does have such ability. At the early
stages of evolution SCS-s may produce isolated civilizations. Later on, as
SCS develops and evolves, it absorbs these civilizations into itself.
Generating civilizations is a unique, but, none the less, not obligatory
quality and indication of the SCS: it depends on a specific (regional)
conditions of a historical process
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Unable to generate civilizations. In
spite of their whatever great age and antiquity, SCD-s do not invent such
forms of the territories’ colonization / assimilation
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Unable to generate civilizations
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Unable to generate civilizations
|
|
1.6. Ability to independently generate
one or several stable states
within own socio-cultural space
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Possesses the ability to independentrly
generate one or several stable states. Number of states depends on a stage of
the SCS evolution and may vary greatly (from one state occupying the whole
SCS territory, and up to several dozens)
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
This ability manifests itself depending
on the SCD’s type:
1. Stable SCD with stable population and
stable homeland, as a rule, generates one stable state;
2. Sporadic SCD with homeland where its
population may be absent for centuries, generates one state which however
exists only from time to time
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Never independently generates stable
states. Buffer states constantly change their boundaries and, in general,
greatly vary in their sizes and configurations. Subject to (conflicting)
interests and conditions of competing neighbouring SCS-s, they may be
represented either by one or several states. Any buffer states are extremely
unstable and always greatly depend on external factorsd (conditions and
relations of neighbouring SCS-s, in particular)
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Never independently generates stable
states, though areas inhabited by certain population - but never states - may
be quite stable. May have both one or several states as well as no states at
all: everything depends on positions of SCS-s participating in the region’s
assimilation, and the stage of evolution of the mixed region itself
|
|
1.7. Concentration of the considerable
reserves of vitally important
natural resources within own
socio-cultural space
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Usually possesses considerable reserves
of vitally important natural resources. Their structure differs significantly
and, of course, depends on previous geological history of the SCS territory,
but in general available resources allow the SCS’ economy to exist, in
practice, autonomously
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
SCD’s territory, as a rule, isn’t considerable
in itself, and most often reserves of vitally important natural resources are
not contained there. In case of Northern SCD, their independent exploitation
is in fact impossible due to primitive level of this SCD’s general progress
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
As a rule, there are no considerable
reserves of vitally important natural resources within socio-cultural buffer
zones. And if such resources are found, then unstable space of a buffer zone
becomes an object for the next re-partition by competing neighbouring SCS-s,
and buffer zone itself is again left without an important natural resource
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Considerable reserves of vitally
important natural resources may be found, but their exploitation is
completely determined by various SCS-s participating in a mixed region’s
assimilation, and is an external business for the particular mixed region
itself
|
|
1.8. Ability to generate ecological
crises as a steps
in assimilating own socio-cultural space
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Possesses the ability to generate
ecological crises within local spaces during process of their assimilation,
in order to move then further, onto new territories with better natural and
living conditions - in order to generate ecological crises there afresh. Such
is, as a matter of fact, strategy of an initial socio-cultural assimilation
of territories within utmost possible limits. After the boundaries of the
socio-culturally assimilated spaces are defined, ecological crises lose their
socio-cultural meaning and are not generated any more
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
There is no such ability. SCD-s do not
generate ecological crises as a step in a space assimilation, and are
inserted into their natural environment with maximum correctness. The reason
is not so much their highly-developed culture, but their inability to expand
own socio-culturally assimilated space
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Socio-culturally oriented ecological
crises may take place in a buffer zones, but they are never aimed to expand
their own socio-cultural space and / or assimilate alien territories, and are
results of periodic fluctuations of a buffer zone’s territory influenced by
neighbouring SCS-s. The reason of such ecological crises may be, for
instance, next in turn replacement of a dominating neighbouring SCS. Similar
ecological crises are generated not by buffer zone itself, but by one of
neighbouring SCS-s within a buffer zone’s space as a sort of socio-cultural
provocation aimed to achieve certain purposes of a certain SCS
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Socio-culturally oriented ecological
crises may take place in a mixed regions, but they are never aimed to expand
their own socio-cultural space and assimilate alien territories, and are
results of periodic changes in the SCS-s’ power arrangements in the region.
The reason of such ecological crisis may be, for instance, next in turn
replacement of a dominant SCS
|
|
2. SOCIO-CULTURAL TIME
|
|
2.1. Stable existence during historically
considerable intervals of time
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Stable existence during historically
significant intervals of time is a characteristic of SCS. Its life terms are
amounted to 2500 years and more
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Stable existence during historically
significant intervals of time is also a characteristic of SCD-s. Their life
terms are amounted to 2500 years and more, too
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Usually formed as a result of
neighbouring SCS-s interaction and competition. As a rule, period of a buffer
zone existence is lesser than any of the neighbouring SCS-s. Life term of the
buffer zone as a specific socio-cultural formation may amount to 1000 years
and more
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Heavily depends on specific (historical)
conditions of the region colonization. As a developed formations may exist
for a very long while without any changes. Life term of a completely formed
mixed socio-cultural region may amount to 2000 years and more
|
|
2.2. Complete cycle of the own
socio-cultural space formation which includes
series of successive stages determined by
the inner logics of the space evolution
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Possesses a complete cycle of the space
socio-cultural assimilation. Researches reveal seven principal stages of
socio-cultural evolution, and every stage may consist of a few particular
phases. This is the unique quality and indication of SCS
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Has no such cycle. As distinguished from
SCS, SCD does not work regularly at transforming its socio-cultural space.
Its homeland is static during historically considerable periods. As a result
of a favourable outside situation, SCD’s controlled space may change
drastically, but always for a very brief time and without any socio-cultural
assimilation / transformation of the territory that falls under such
temporary control
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Has no complete cycle. Everything depends
on the outside situation that determines the buffer zone’s behaviour. Buffer
zone itself does not work regularly at expanding and transforming its
socio-cultural space. As a result of a favourable outside situation, space
controlled by particular buffer zone may change drastically, but always for a
(historically) brief time and without any socio-cultural assimilation /
transformation of the territory that falls under such temporary control
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Has no complete
cycle. Everything depends on the outside factors and situation that determine
specific behaviour of the mixed socio-cultural region. It’s unable to work
regularly at expanding and transforming its socio-cultural space at all
|
|
3. CONTACTS WITH OUTER WORLD
|
|
3.1. Correlation of inner logics and
outer factors.
Ability to resist socio-cultural pressure
from the outside
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Inner logics always prevail over outer
factors which are only used in case of strict correspondence with the SCS’s
evolution internal order. Even successful external spatial expansions are
always used for the own inner purposes. This is the unique quality and
indication of SCS
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Does have some inner regularlities which
may sometimes prevail over external factors, but in many cases namely outer
factors prove to play decisive role in determining ways of the SCD’s
evolution. Pressure from the outside does not usually lead to annihilation of
the SCD’s socio-cultural specifics, but its resistance to the outside
influences isn’t sufficient
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Internal logics do not play a significant
role. Outer factors obviously dominate. Pressure from the neighbouring SCS-s
side takes place nearly permanently and determines ways of the buffer zone
evolution. Resistance to the outside influences is extremely low
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Internal logics do not play a significant
role. Outer factors obviously prevail. Correlation of the various SCS-s
positions in the mixed socio-cultural region determines ways of its
evolution. Resistance to the outside influences is extremely low
|
|
3.2. Ability to create socio-cultural enclaves
to transfrom and assimilate alien
territories
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Possesses the ability to create enclaves
within alien regions to transform and assimlate them socio-culturally. This
is the unique quality and indication of SCS
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Has no such ability. May establish
temporary enclaves only as a way of own diffusion, but never - for
socio-cultural transformation and assimilation of alien territories
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Has no such ability. May establish
temporary enclaves only as a way of own diffusion, but never - for
socio-cultural transformation and assimilation of alien territories.
Socio-cultural buffer zones themselves are often being assimilated into other
socio-cultural formations
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Has no such ability. Population of the
mixed regions may create temporary enclaves only as a way of own diffusion,
but never - for socio-cultural transformation and assimilation of alien
territories, being themselves assimilated into other socio-cultural
formations
|
|
3.3. Ability to create socio-cultural
enclave-communities
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Able to create stable enclave-communities
within alien socio-cultural formations
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Able to create stable enclave-communities
within alien socio-cultural formations
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Able to create temporary
enclave-communities within alien socio-cultural formations during periods of
escessive emigration, but with time these enclave-communities always become
themselves assimilated into their foster socio-cultural formations
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Able to create temporary
enclave-communities within alien socio-cultural formations during periods of
escessive emigration, but with time these enclave-communities always become
themselves assimilated into their foster socio-cultural formations
|
|
3.4. Ability to establish colonies,
military-political and
economic vassals outside own homeland
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
If necessary, may generate such vassals
and colonies alike, usually established to decide certain internal problems
connected with own socio-cultural evolution and transformation of other
territories
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
In case of necessity and as a result of a
certain, advantageous for them external situation, SCD-s with stable
homelands may generate colonies and vassals, but only for a very brief time.
However, this never leads to socio-cultural transformation of neither stable
SCD-s themselves nor peoples and territories temporarily subordinate to them.
Sporadic SCD-s never establish neither vassals nor colonies
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
May generate colonies and vassals of a
second grade, with this permanently being itself a vassal of a certain
neighbouring SCS. Space temporarily controlled by the buffer zone states
never exceedes the limits of internal and external buffer zones themselves.
Changes of the controlled areas are absolutely unstable and always external
matters for a buffer zone itself
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Mixed socio-cultural region is usually
itself colony and / or vassal of a certain SCS and subject to the various
SCS-s struggle and socio-cultural competition
|
|
3.5. Ability to create naturally
dependent vassals
in a course of a socio-cultural transformation
of other territories
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Has the ability to create naturally
dependent vassals in a course of socio-cultural transformation of other
territories. This is the unique quality and indication of SCS
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Has no such ability. Military-political
and economic vassals of a second grade never become naturally dependent ones.
SCD-s themselves may, for a certain historical time, become vassals of a
neighbouring SCS and then use such subordinate status to achieve own goals
and gain some socio-cultural benefits
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Has no such ability. Buffer zones never
form naturally dependent vassals and themselves are always vassals of a
neighbouring SCS. Change of a dominating SCS is a routine and always external
matter
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Has no such ability. Mixed socio-cultural
regions never form naturally dependent vassals and themselves are always
vassals of various SCS-s which pretend to assimilate some territories within
the region. Change of a dominating SCS is a routine and always external
matter
|
|
4. POPULATION
|
|
4.1. Existence of a relatively large
quantities of own population
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Quantities of the SCS population, compare
to general numbers of currently inhabiting the Earth people, are always
significant. Most of the World’s population lives within SCS-s
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Quantities of the SCD-s population, as a
rule, are not comparable to those of SCS-s, but may be quite significant,
especially in the case of SCD-s with stable homelands
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Quantity of the buffer zone population
may be quite large, but, as a rule, it’s never comparable to that of any
taken separately SCS. It maintains definite tendency to periodically reduce
the numbers of own population, at the expense of various mechanical
migrations of its considerable parts
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Quantity of the mixed region population
may be quite large, but, as a rule, it’s not comparable to that of SCS
|
|
4.2. Ability to conduct a successive
socio-cultural assimilation of alien population,
by including it into own structure
together with the new territories
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Able to socio-culturally assimilate alien
population successively. This ability manifests itself during periods of
creating the own homeland and internal buffer zones. This is the unique
quality and indication of SCS
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Has no such ability. SCD’s population is
rigidly reserved and unable to assimilate alien population in principle.
Isolation from the rest of the world is a strict standard of SCD as a
specific socio-cultural formation
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Has no such ability. There is no
isolation as in case of SCD, but there is no assimilation of alien population
either
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Within mixed socio-cultural regions,
assimilation of alien population and territories by various SCS-s takes
place. At the developed stages of a mixed region assimilation, it ceases
|
|
4.3. Ability of population to retain its
qualitative specific characteristics
within alien socio-cultural formations
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
SCS’s population is able to preserve its
specific qualities within alien socio-cultural formations
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
SCD’s population possesses strikingly
expressed ability to retain own specific qualities within alien
socio-cultural formations. It guarantees SCD’s survival in a sporadic
condition during historically considerable intervals of time
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Such ability isn’t quite obvious.
Usually, assimilation of the significant parts of a buffer zone’s population
into other socio-cultural formations takes place
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Population is too diverse and
heterogeneous. As a rule, it retains own qualitative characteristics, but
also may be assimilated itself: everything depends on a combination of
specific (historical) conditions
|
|
4.4. Extent of a socio-cultural
homogeneity of the population
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Population has homogeneous socio-cultural
character. There are certain stages of its socio-cultural assimilation. There
is also definite distinction between population of such types of the
socio-cultural spaces as homeland, internal buffer zones and enclaves.
Exceptions may appear within population inhabiting recently included into SCS
territories. Existence of such non-converted (non-transformed)
socio-culturally population and its territories within SCS is usually
temporary and ends in a complete socio-cultural assimilation. Growth of the
SCS population is attributed to natural increase as well as assimilation of
new territories with all their population, with the latter’s successive
conversion and transformation that may last for centuries
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Population has homogeneous socio-cultural
character and differs drastically from the rest of the world. SCD’s basic
distinction from SCS is that growth of the SCD population is attributed to
its natural encrease only, and never - to socio-cultural conversion and
assimilation of other territories with their population
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
As a rule, population isn’t
socio-culturally homogeneous. Depending on a specific historical situation,
very different versions and combinations of the population socio-cultural
structure may take place
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
As a rule, population isn’t homogeneous.
Depending on a specific historical situation, very different versions and
combinations of the population socio-cultural structure may occur
|
|
4.5. Ability to generate migrations of
population
for socio-cultural transformation of
other territories
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Possesses such ability. SCS-s generate
migrations of population to socio-culturally transform alien territories into
homelands, naturally dependent vassals and enclaves within internal buffer
zones. In all the SCS-s, such migrations most often happen as a result of
creating “end of the World” (mass starvation, civil wars, unstable state
authorities) within traditional homelands. This is the unique quality and
indication of SCS
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Has no such ability
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Has no such ability
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Has no such ability
|
|
4.6. Ability to generate migrations of
population to diffuse it
into other socio-cultural formations,
with no purpose of their transformation
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Has no such ability. SCS-s do never
possess too big numbers of population so that to force it out into new
territories without historically clear and definite purposes of their
socio-cultural transformation
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Such ability can be traced. SCD-s
representatives may diffuse into various SCS-s and be present there to solve
own problems, but never - to transform and assimilate other territories
socio-culturally
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Such ability can be traced. Mass
migrations of the buffer zone’s population into alien socio-cultural
formations, and especially - into SCS-s, are possible from time to time and
even quite regularly. Such migrations become a norm during aggravation of a neighbouring
SCS-s competition to control some particular buffer zone, and may be well
provoked by these SCS-s. However, migrations from buffer zones never aim to
transform and assimilate other territories socio-culturally
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Such ability exists. Mass migrations of
the mixed region’s population into alien socio-cultural formations, and
especially - into SCS-s, are quite possible from time to time. Such
migrations become a norm during aggravation of relations of the SCS-s that
participate in a competition to control some particular mixed region, and may
be well provoked by these SCS-s. Migrations from mixed regions never aim to
transform and assimilate other territories socio-culturally
|
|
4.7. Ability to maintain multinational structure
of population,
with various languages, within own
socio-cultural formation
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Possesses such ability. Can maintain
whatever multinational structure of population and large numbers of
languages, even representing different lingual groups. Unity and integrity of
the SCS spaces is determined by their respective assimilation. National and
lingual diversity do not have an influence on SCS in principle. In this
respect SCS-s may demonstrate staggering tolerance which grows substantially
after completing the socio-cultural transformation of the respective
territories
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Has no such ability. Within own homeland,
consistent intolerance to different nationalities and their suppression
develop. In case of SCD with own stable homeland, mononational structure of
population and singular language usually take place
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Has a multinational structure of
population and big numbers of languages which are foreign relatively one
another. They are united only by the neighbouring SCS-s pressure which
affects all the people of a buffer zone. This pressure may be reflected
differently on a certain nations that naturally gives rise to inner problems
whithin the buffer zone’s population
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Has a multinational structure of
population and big numbers of languages which are foreign relatively one
another. They are united only by the fact that pressure of the competing for
the region SCS-s affects all its people. This pressure may be reflected
differently on a certain nations that naturally gives rise to inner problems
whithin the mixed region’s population
|
|
5. RELIGION, LANGUAGE AND SPIRITUAL
CULTURE
|
|
5.1. Own specific world religion, or its
own unique version
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Always possesses own world religion or
its own unique version. This is the unique quality and indication of SCS
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Has no own world religion. SCD’s religions
may be of a national character only and are bound to this particular SCD at
most
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Has no own world religion. Some version
of the neighbouring SCS’s religion always dominates. Choice of the religion
has specific historical and often sircumstantial character, and is completely
determined by correlation of the neighbouring SCS-s positions in the area
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Various world religions may co-exist
there, with no obvious dominance of any one. Structure of religions
represented in the region is determined in many respects by external factors
|
|
5.2. Ability to propagate and diffuse own
version of religion outside
own socio-cultural formation for
transformation of other territories
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Possesses such ability. This is the
unique quality and indication of SCS: it promotes own version of religion in
a process of assimilation of alien territories and population
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Has no such ability
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Has no such ability
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Has no such ability
|
|
5.3. One or several dominant languages
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Within lingual diversity, one or a few
languages obviously dominate. There may also exist substantial number of
stable languages of limited circulation. Language isn’t an absolute
indicative distinction of the particular SCS from the rest of the socio-cultural
formations. SCS’s dominant language may widen its circulation quite
independently from the SCS itself
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
There is always one clearly dominant
language which serves as a basis for singling out this particular
socio-cultural formation from the rest of the world. This is an absolute
indicative distinction of SCD-s from the rest of the socio-cultural
formations
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Essence of this socio-cultural formation
is such that considerable number of languages always co-exist there, in a
proportion that is characteristic for population of some particular buffer
zone. There are no and cannot be whatever dominant languages
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Essence of this socio-cultural formation
is such that considerable number of languages always co-exist there, in a
proportion that is characteristic for population of some particular mixed
region. There are no and cannot be whatever dominant languages
|
|
5.4. Ability to widen circulation of the
own dominant language(-s)
as a daily used one(-s) outside own
socio-cultural formation
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Able to widen a circulation of own
language outside own homeland, and first of all - in the internal buffer zone
and among the naturally dependent vassals. Such language begins being used as
a daily means of communications that is an important element of the process
of socio-cultural assimilation of territories and population. This is the
unique quality and indication of SCS
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Has no such ability. Language is a unique
attribute of the particular SCD’s population and is diffused only together
with its bearers. Population of other socio-cultural formations never use
this language as a means of daily communications
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Has no such ability. Diffusion of a
language(-s) may only accompany migrations of a buffer zone’s population
which, however, easily adopts language(-s) of either a more attractive or
dominant SCS
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Has no such ability. Diffusion of a
language(-s) may only accompany migrations of a mixed region’s population
which, however, easily adopts language(-s) of either a more attractive or
dominant SCS
|
|
6. ECONOMICS AND PRODUCTIVE FORCES
|
|
6.1. Extent of reliability and
self-sufficiency
of the socio-cultural formation’s economy
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Economy is reliable and self-sufficient.
It possesses considerable internal reserves, and contacts with other
socio-cultural formations do not play determining role in its development,
though these contacts are important for sovling internal socio-cultural
problems such as the neighbouring territories’ transformation and competition
with alien SCS-s. This is the unique quality and indication of SCS
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Economy is extremely vulnerable and never
self-sufficient; in case of isolation becomes obviously poor and mediocre.
Contacts with other socio-cultural formations are of most importance for
economic prosperity and desired stability which, however, are never achieved
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Economy is extremely vulnerable and never
self-sufficient. It depends mainly on neighbouring SCS-s which may both
arrange for a periodic destruction in a buffer zone and assist its short-term
prosperity if it conforms to their interests
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Economy is extremely dependent on SCS-s
that pretend to control the mixed region. In certain conditions of isolation,
it may become self-sufficient (at the level of poverty and mediocrity)
|
|
6.2. Ability to generate stable original
economic standards and forms
|
Possesses the ability to generate and
invent stable original economic standards and forms which may have no
analogues outside this particular SCS. This is the unique quality and
indication of SCS
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Able to generate and invent original
economic standards and forms, however, quite unstable and aimed only to
withstand the competing SCS-s pressure
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Has no such ability
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Has no such ability
|
|
6.3. Ability to generate technological
innovations for socio-cultural purposes
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Possesses the ability to generate and
invent technological innovations for solving own socio-cultural problems, and
first of all - internal tasks of creating the own homeland and naturally
dependent vassals
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Possesses the ability to generate
technological innovations for solving own socio-cultural problems. However,
invention of these innovations is always very limited and vulnerable due to
the nature of this particular socio-cultural formations. Internal market is
too small and in itself actually doesn’t need such innovations. Technological
innovations are never associated with or caused by the socio-cultural tasks
of space transformation
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Has no such ability
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Has no such ability
|
|
6.4. Ability to conduct wide-scale
economic actions of sabotage
aimed against socio-cultural competitors
|
|
Socio-cultural system
|
Possesses the potential ability and
practical possibilities to conduct wide-scale economic sabotage actions
directed against alien socio-cultural formations. Such actions may be brought
about through various specific forms
|
|
Socio-cultural domain
|
Possesses the potential ability and
practical possibilities to conduct economic sabotage actions aimed against
other socio-cultural formations. These actions may be brought about in a
various specific forms. Characteristically, scales of such activity are
considerably smaller compare to those of SCS-s
|
|
Socio-cultural buffer zone
|
Has no such ability as well as possibilities
|
|
Mixed
socio-cultural region
|
Has no such ability as well as
possibilities
|
* * *
Below, once more, is the list of the unique qualities
and indications of socio-cultural systems:
|
#
|
SOCIO-CULTURAL SYSTEM
|
|
1.
|
Has the ability to assimilate the new
territories into own homeland, as a rule, in regard to territories bordering
with the old homeland and extended from its borders for any distance
|
|
2.
|
Has the ability to generate complicated
internal structure of own space, mainly in order to protect and defend itself
from other SCS-s and as a response to respective demands from the outside.
This ability expresses itself in creating internal buffer zones along the
borders with other SCS-s
|
|
3.
|
Possesses a complete cycle of the space
socio-cultural assimilation. Researches reveal seven principal stages of
socio-cultural evolution, and every stage may consist of a few particular
phases
|
|
4.
|
Inner logics always prevail over outer
factors which are only used in case of strict correspondence with the SCS’s
evolution internal order. Even successful external spatial expansions are
always used for the own inner purposes
|
|
5.
|
Possesses the ability to create enclaves
within alien regions to transform and assimlate them socio-culturally
|
|
6.
|
Has the ability to create naturally
dependent vassals in a course of socio-cultural transformation of other
territories
|
|
7.
|
Able to conduct successive socio-cultural
assimilation of alien population, by including it into own structure together
with the new territories. This ability manifests itself during periods of
creating the own homeland and internal buffer zones
|
|
8.
|
Possesses the ability to generate
migrations of population to socio-culturally transform alien territories into
homelands, naturally dependent vassals and enclaves within internal buffer
zones. In all the SCS-s, such migrations most often happen as a result of
creating “end of the World” (mass starvation, civil wars, unstable state
authorities) within traditional homelands
|
|
9.
|
Always possesses own world religion or
its own unique version
|
|
10.
|
Able to propagate and diffuse own version
of religion outside own socio-cultural formation for transformation of other
territories. This is the unique quality and indication of SCS: it promotes
own version of religion in a process of assimilation of alien territories and
population
|
|
11.
|
Able to widen a circulation of own
language outside own homeland, and first of all - in the internal buffer zone
and among the naturally dependent vassals. Such language begins being used as
a daily means of communications that is an important element of the process
of socio-cultural assimilation of territories and population
|
|
12.
|
Economy is reliable and self-sufficient.
It possesses considerable internal reserves, and contacts with other
socio-cultural formations do not play determining role in its development,
though these contacts are important for sovling internal socio-cultural
problems such as the neighbouring territories’ transformation and competition
with alien SCS-s
|
|
13.
|
Possesses the ability to generate and
invent stable original economic standards and forms which may have no
analogues outside this particular SCS
|
* * *
Here is the list of the socio-cultural
formations existing by the end of the XX century. They went through some
evolution and are now at the different stages of their development. Morphology
of the socio-cultural formations is described in detail by their time-spatial
models.
Socio-cultural systems: Barbarian-Nomadic
SCS, Black African SCS,
Chinese SCS, Hindu
SCS, Muslim SCS, Russian SCS, South-American SCS, Western
SCS
Socio-cultural domains: Japanese
SCD, Judaic SCD, Northern SCD
Socio-cultural buffer zones
We’re talking here
only about external socio-cultural buffer zones located between different SCS-s.
External socio-cultural buffer zones are at present at the various stages of
their evolution and differ drastically one from another. None the less, they
are clearly defined as the formations of a specific socio-cultural type.
Let’s cut the vast
list of external buffer zones down to just two examples so that do not go deep
into extensive explanations regarding complicated structures of these complex
socio-cultural formations: 1. East-European buffer zone (Poland, Czechia,
Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria). 2. North-European buffer zone (Finland,
Sweden, Norway)
Mixed socio-cultural regions: Islands
of Pacific and Indian Oceans, Israel and Palestine, South-East Asia
3. PERIODS OF THE
SOCIO-CULTURAL SYSTEMS’
EVOLUTION
BARBARIAN-NOMADIC SCS
(Models 1 - 7)
1. Initial period of the Barbarian-Nomadic SCS
existence, surrounded by neighbours not internally ready to integrate with it
socio-culturally (from ansient times until I century AD)
2. Establishing the buffer zone with Western
SCS (I century - end of the IV century AD)
3. Socio-cultural integration of
Barbarian-Nomadic and Western SCS. Rise of the renewed Western SCS (end of the
IV century - second half of the VII century AD)
4. Creating the buffer zones between
Barbarian-Nomadic SCS and all of its neighbouring SCS-s (from second half of
the VII century until late XII century)
5. Socio-cultural integration of
Barbarian-Nomadic SCS with all the neighbouring, accessible to it SCS-s.
Socio-cultural assimilation of the Barbarian-Nomadic SCS territory and
population into these SCS 
(late XII - 1380-s)
6. Rise of the Barbarian-Nomadic SCS residual
homeland and population. Conflict of various neighbouring SCS-s for its
socio-cultural assimilation, with the Barbarian-Nomadic SCS itself marionette
participation in the process (late XIV century - middle of the XX century)
7. Establishing the Barbarian-Nomadic SCS
residual homeland and population on the borders of Russian and Chinese SCS-s as
their external buffer zone (from the second half of the XX century and for some
future)
MUSLIM SCS
(Models 8 - 14)
1. Initial sporadic colonization of the
homeland territory in the most ancient civilizations and unknown old centres of
inhabitance (XXX - VII centuries BC)
2. Initial spatial defining of the Muslim SCS
territory and its early acquisition in the form of Empires. Conflict with
Western SCS of its second stage for buffer spaces (750-s - 330-s BC)
3. Socio-cultural contest of Muslim SCS.
Creating the internal buffer zones on borders with Western SCS. Assimilation of
the other socio-cultural systems’ population within the Muslim territories
(from 330-s BC until early VII century AD)
4. Islam as the product of the socio-cultural
contest; unification of the Muslim territories based on Islam. Beginning of the
Muslim controlled spaces growth, and establishing the buffer zones between
Muslim SCS and all of its neighbouring SCS-s (Western, Barbarian-Nomadic, Hindu
and Black African) (early VII century - 1258)
5. Socio-cultural integration with
Barbarian-Nomadic SCS. Further growth of the Muslim controlled spaces into the
territories of Black African and Hindu SCS-s. Creating the military-political
vassals and buffer zones with all the neighbouring SCS-s (1258 - early XVIII
century)
6. Conflict for buffer spaces with various
SCS-s. Loss of the military-political vassals and the alien socio-cultural
systems’ permanent presence in the Muslim homeland. Diffusion of the Muslim
communities outside the Muslim homeland (early XVIII century - 1970-s)
7. Liberation of the Muslim homeland and its
internal buffer zones from the alien socio-cultural systems’ permanent
presence. Political-geographical transformation of the Muslim SCS space based
on its own socio-cultural standards. Conflict with other SCS-s for the external
buffer zones (from 1970-s and for some future)
CHINESE SCS
(Models 15 - 21)
1. Initial period of the Chinese population
existence and Chinese SCS creation (from legendary Hsia Dynasty 1800 - 1500 BC
to Eastern Chou Dynasty 770 BC)
2. Socio-cultural contest for creating the
most efficient socio-cultural standard for Chinese SCS (from 770 to 221 BC -
Eastern Chou Dynasty)
3. Unification of the Chinese SCS territory
based on the chosen socio-cultural standard. Beginning of the homeland growth
and establishing the naturally dependent vassals (221 BC - 317 AD)
4. Creating the internal buffer zone on the
North, new naturally dependent vassals on the West and new homeland on the
South (317 - 1211 AD)
5. Socio-cultural integration with
Barbarian-Nomadic SCS. Creating the internal buffer zones, naturally dependent
vassals and homeland growth on the South. Unification of the socio-culturally
transformed territories into the united state (from 1211 until 1840-s)
6. Defining the buffer zones’ territories
through conflict with various SCS-s. Military, political and economic presence
of alien socio-cultural systems in the Chinese homeland. Beginning of the
Chinese population intensive diffusion around the World (from 1840-s until the
Great Cultural Revolution)
7. Creating the integral internal buffer
zone and liberation of the Chinese homeland from the alien socio-cultural
systems’ presence. Establishing the Chinese enclave-communities within Western
SCS and the mixed socio-cultural regions (as from the end of the Great Cultural
Revolution and for some future)
WESTERN SCS
(Models 22 - 28)
1. Initial period of the Western population
existence and Western SCS creation. Initial sporadic colonozation of the
homeland territory in the most ancient civilizations (from ancient times until
770 - 750-s BC)
2. Greek-Roman times. Western homeland
growth. Rise of the first Empires and Greek-Roman communities outside the homeland.
Establishing the buffer zone with Barbarian-Nomadic SCS (770 - 750-s BC - 380-s
AD)
3. Socio-cultural integration with
Barbarian-Nomadic SCS. Transformation and further expansion of the homeland.
Creating internal buffer zones. Defining the new ideological grounds of Western
SCS, based on Roman Catholicism (from 380-s AD until the Crusades beginning)
4. Socio-cultural contest of Western SCS.
Transformation of the Pyrenees Muslim enclave into internal buffer zone.
Creating naturally dependent vassals in the East-European buffer zone.
Expansion outside own homeland into the mixed socio-cultural regions (from the
Crusades beginning until the discovery of America)
5. Global overseas colonial expansion of
Western national states. Growth of the homeland in the mixed socio-cultural
regions with Western predominance (1490-s - 1918)
6. Global war against other socio-cultural
systems headed by Russian SCS. Losing the control over colonies. Reversion of
Western population into own homeland and its redistribution between the mixed
socio-cultural regions with Western predominance and traditional Western
territories (1918 - 1990-s)
7. Transformation of the European homeland
and stimulating further population redistribution between the territories of
old homeland and mixed socio-cultural regions with Western predominance.
Creating the American and South-Eastern internal and external buffer zones
(from 1990-s and for some future)
RUSSIAN SCS
(Models 29 - 35)
1. Initial period of the Slavonic world
existence, with undeveloped socio-cultural differences (from ancient times
until 882 AD)
2. Period of the socio-cultural differences
defining in the Slavonic world. Early accumulation of the Russian SCS territory
and population as well as establishing the internal and external buffer zones
(from 882 until middle - end of the XI century)
3. Socio-cultural contest for creating the
most efficient socio-cultural standard for Russian SCS. Socio-cultural
integration with barbarian-nomadic SCS (from the end of the XI century until
1572)
4. Creating the united Russian state, with
utmost homeland, based on Moscow socio-cultural standard (from 1572 until 1700)
5. Imperial program of the Russian SCS:
creating naturally dependent vassals and further homeland growth; expansion
into neighbouring SCS-s as resistance to Western SCS pressure onto these SCS-s
(from 1700 until 1917)
6. Communist program of the Russian SCS:
defining boundaries of own socio-cultural spaces (especially internal and
external buffer zones); leading the global war against Western SCS expansion
outside its homeland (1917 - 1991)
7. Nationalist program of the Russian SCS:
re-structuring own socio-cultural spaces; maintaining balance of socio-cultural
powers in the World (from the end of the XX century and for some future)
HINDU SCS
(Models 36 - 42)
1. Initial period of the Indian population
existence and rise of the ancient Hindu civilizations as a form of sporadic
colonization of the territory. Rise of the Hindu SCS religious, cultural and
social foundations (2500-s - 327 BC)
2. First contacts with Muslim SCS.
Beginning of the homeland growth and establishing the North-Western buffer zone
(327 BC - 711 AD)
3. Muslim SCS attacks withstanded. Creating
the buffer zone on the joints with Muslim SCS (711 - early XIII century)
4. Muslim SCS intervention and establishing
the vassal military-political control over the Northern and Central regions of
the Hindu homeland. Further evolution of the Hindu homeland (early XIII century
- 1658)
5. Military-political control of the Great
Britain and co-operation with it to withstand the Muslim SCS expansion.
Adaptation of Western innovations and Hindu population diffusion into other
socio-cultural formations as a vassals of British colonists. Creating the
internal buffer zones; conflict with Muslim and Chinese SCS-s for the external
buffer zones (1658 - 1945)
6. Transition to an indirect forms of
co-operation with Western SCS in the struggle against Muslim and Chinese SCS-s.
Extreme point of the conflict with Muslim SCS for control over buffer zones.
Further developing the internal buffer zones; efforts to transform the external
buffer zones into naturally dependent vassals (from 1945 and for some future)
7. Prognostic stage: Retention of
the indirect forms of co-operation with Western SCS to withstand the Muslim and
Chinese SCS-s expansion. Final stages of creating the internal and external
buffer zones. Political-geographical transformation of the Hindu homeland based
on its own socio-cultural standards (more distant future)
SOUTH-AMERICAN SCS
(Models 43 - 49)
1. Initial existence of the South-American
population and sporadic colonization of the territory in form of the most
ancient civilizations (from ancient times until the end of the XV century)
2. Socio-cultural integration with Western
and Black African SCS-s. Spatial colonization / assimilation of the territory
and creating the renewed basis for South-American SCS (from 1490-s until the
1823 Monroe Doctrine)
3. Establishing the internal buffer zones
and re-structuring own territory based on the national states principles.
Permanent military-political and economic presence of Western SCS (represented
by the USA) (1823 - 1918)
4. Operative involvement of the USA into
South-American SCS rising. Introduction of economic, social and military
innovations. Further creating the internal buffer zones. Co-operation of
South-American and Russian SCS-s in the struggle against permanent presence of
the USA (1918 - 1980-s)
5. Liberation of the South-American SCS
homeland from military, economic and political presence of all the alien
socio-cultural systems. Creating the buffer zone with Western SCS (in the mixed
socio-cultural region with Western predominance in North America). Operative
conversion of the submitted Western economic and social innovations (from
1980-s and for some future)
6. Prognostic stage: Socio-cultural
contest in South-American SCS and its re-structuring in accordance with the own
renewed socio-cultural standards (this period may last for a 100 years or more)
7. Prognostic stage: Further
intensive development of the South-American SCS territory based on its own
socio-cultural standards (quite distant future)
BLACK AFRICAN SCS
(Models 50 - 56)
1. Initial period of the Black African
population existence on the territory of its homeland, at the stage of
clan-tribal organisation (from ancient times until IV century AD)
2. Beginning of the contacts with Muslim
SCS, rise of the early States; creating the Northern and Eastern internal
buffer zones (IV century - 1490-s)
3. Beginning of the contacts with Western
SCS, creating the Western and Southern internal buffer zones. Overseas
diffusion of the Black African population and establishing the
enclave-communities within alien socio-cultural formations. Participation in
the evolution of South-American SCS, on its 2nd stage (1490-s - 1880-s)
4. Spatial seizure of Black African SCS by
Western SCS. Introduction of the superficial economic, social and military
innovations. Co-operation of Black African and Russian SCS-s in the struggle
against Western SCS control over the Black African homeland (1880-s - 1960)
5. Liberation of the Black African SCS
homeland from military, economic and political presence of all the alien
socio-cultural systems. Operative conversion of the submitted economic and
social innovations (from 1960 and for some future)
6. Prognostic stage: Socio-cultural
contest in Black African SCS and its re-structuring in accordance with the own
renewed socio-cultural standards (this period may last for a 100 years or more)
7. Prognostic stage: Further
intensive development of Black African SCS based on its own socio-cultural
standards. Establishing connections between the Black African homeland and its
overseas enclave-communities (quite distant future)
4. EVOLUTION OF THE SPACES OF THE SOCIO-CULTURAL
SYSTEMS: NUMERICAL SYMBOLS TO THE TIME-SPATIAL MODELS
Barbarian-Nomadic SCS
Model 4.
1.
Vikings - Varangians as
a part of Barbarian-Nomadic SCS
2.
Western Slavs (Poles)
3.
Magyars (Hungarians) as
a part of Barbarian-Nomadic SCS
4.
Southern Slavs
Model 5.
1.
East-European buffer
zone
2.
South-European buffer
zone
3.
Japanese SCD
Model 6.
1.
North-European buffer
zone
2.
East-European buffer
zone
3.
South-European buffer
zone
4.
Minor-Asian buffer zone
5.
Crimean Khanate and its
assimilation into Russian SCS
6.
Territories inhabited
by Kazakhs, Kalmuks etc. and their socio-cultural transformation
7.
Territories inhabited
by Mongols etc. and their socio-cultural transformation
Muslim SCS
Model 9.
1.
Areas within European
continent controlled by Muslim SCS of its 2nd stage
Model 10.
1.
Areas within European
continent controlled by Muslim SCS of its 3rd stage
2.
Assimilation of
Barbarian-Nomadic SCS migrants (vandals) during V - VI centuries
3.
Assimilation of
Alexander the Great and his armies during IV century BC
Model 11.
1.
Areas within European
continent controlled by Muslim SCS of its 4th stage
2.
East-European buffer
zone
3.
South-European buffer
zone
4.
Byzantine Empire as a
buffer zone
Model 12.
1.
Western enclave within
Muslim SCS
2.
East-European buffer
zone
3.
South-European buffer
zone
4.
Byzantine, and then
Ottoman Empire as a buffer zone
5.
Military-political
vassals within the territories of Barbarian-Nomadic SCS (in Middle Asia)
6.
Military-political
vassals within the territories of Hindu SCS
7.
Military-political
vassals within the territories of Black African SCS
Model 13.
1.
Western enclave within
Muslim SCS
2.
East-European buffer
zone
3.
South-European buffer
zone
4.
Ottoman Empire as a
buffer zone
5.
Buffer zone between
Hindu and Muslim SCS-s
6.
Enclave-communities
within the territories of mixed socio-cultural regions
Model 14.
1.
East-European buffer
zone
2.
South-European buffer
zone
3.
Turkey as a buffer zone
4.
Buffer zone between
Hindu and Muslim SCS-s
5.
Enclave-communities
within the territories of mixed socio-cultural regions
6.
Enclave-communities
within the territories of Black African SCS
Chinese SCS
Model 18.
1.
Japanese SCD
Model 19.
Other socio-cultural formations
1.
Japanese SCD
Buffer zone
2.
Taiwan
3.
Manchuria
4.
Mongolia
5.
Western territories
6.
Tibet
Model 20.
Other socio-cultural formations
1.
Japanese SCD
External buffer zone
2.
Mongolia
Internal buffer zone
3.
Manchuria
4.
Western territories
5.
Tibet
Western enclaves within the Chinese homeland
6.
Taiwan
7.
Hong Kong and Macao
Enclave-communities
1.
Enclave-communities
within the territory of Western SCS
Model 21.
Other socio-cultural formations
1.
Japanese SCD
External buffer zone
2.
Mongolia
Internal buffer zone
3.
Manchuria
4.
Western territories
5.
Tibet
Chinese homeland
6.
Taiwan
Enclave-communities
7.
Enclave-communities
within the territory of Western SCS
8.
Enclave-communities
within the territory of mixed socio-cultural regions
Western SCS
Model 23.
1.
Greek-Roman enclaves
within Barbarian-Nomadic SCS
2.
Greek-Roman enclaves
within Asia Minor as an external buffer zone
3.
Greek-Roman enclaves
within Muslim SCS (in Northern Africa)
4.
Western conquerors
assimilated in Muslim SCS
Model 24.
1.
German states as the
Eastern internal buffer zone
2.
Italy and Greece as the
Southern internal buffer zone
Model 25.
1.
German states as the
Eastern internal buffer zone
2.
Italy and Greece as the
Southern internal buffer zone
3.
Portuguese and Spanish
states as the Western internal buffer zone
4.
Northern part of
East-European external buffer zone
5.
East-European external
buffer zone
6.
South-European external
buffer zone
7.
Western enclaves within
Muslim SCS during Crusades
8.
Western enclaves within
Byzintine Empire as external buffer zone, during Crusades
Model 26.
1.
German states as the
Eastern internal buffer zone
2.
Italy and Greece as the
Southern internal buffer zone
3.
Portuguese and Spanish
states as the Western internal buffer zone
4.
Enclave-communities of
Black African SCS in North America
Model 27.
Internal buffer zones
1.
German states as the
Eastern internal buffer zone
2.
Italy and Greece as the
Southern internal buffer zone
3.
Portuguese and Spanish
states as the Western internal buffer zone
4.
Enclave-communities of
Black African SCS in North America
5.
Enclave-communities of
Chinese SCS in North America
6.
Enclave-communities of
Chinese SCS in Australia
Model 28.
Internal buffer zones
1.
German states as the
Eastern internal buffer zone
2.
Italy and Greece as the
Southern internal buffer zone
3.
Portuguese and Spanish
states as the Western internal buffer zone
4.
Enclave-communities of
Black African SCS in North America
5.
Enclave-communities of
Chinese SCS in North America
6.
Enclave-communities of
Chinese SCS in Australia
Russian SCS
Model 31.
External buffer zones
1.
East-European buffer
zone, Polish lands
2.
South-European buffer
zone
Model 32.
External buffer zones
1.
East-European buffer
zone, Polish lands
2.
South-European buffer
zone
3.
New Russian homeland
created on base of the Kazan and Astrakhan Khanates’ territories
4.
New Russian homeland
created on base of the Barbarian-Nomadic SCS’s and Northern SCD’s territories
Model 33.
External buffer zones
1.
Finland
2.
East-European buffer
zone, Polish lands
3.
South-European buffer
zone
Growth of the Russian homeland
4.
White-Russian lands
5.
Kazakh lands
6.
Far-East region
Internal buffer zones
7.
The Baltic States
8.
Ukrainian lands
9.
Bessarabian lands
10.
Lands of Crimean
Khanate as a relict of Barbarian-Nomadic SCS
11.
Caucasian region
12.
Middle-Asian region,
excluding Kazakh lands
Other socio-cultural formations
13.
Japanese SCD
14.
Residual homeland of
Barbarian-Nomadic SCS as a developing external buffer zone
Model 34.
External buffer zones
1.
North-European buffer
zone
2.
East-European buffer
zone
3.
South-European buffer
zone
4.
Mongolian Peoples
Republic as a buffer zone
Russian homeland
5.
Belorussian SSR
6.
Kazakh SSR
7.
Russian SFSR
Internal buffer zones
8.
Baltic SSR-s
(Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia)
9.
Ukrainian SSR
10.
Moldavian SSR
11.
Crimea as a specific
territorial-administrative formation (autonomous republic within RSFSR, and
then - oblast / province within Ukrainian SSR)
12.
Caucasian SSR-s
(Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaidzan)
13.
Middle-Asian SSR-s
(Uzbekistan, Turkmenia, Tadzhikistan, Kirgizia)
Other socio-cultural formations
14.
Japanese SCD
Model 35.
External buffer zones
1.
North-European buffer
zone
2.
East-European buffer
zone
3.
South-European buffer
zone
4.
Mongolian buffer zone
Russian homeland
5.
Independent state of
Belarus
6.
Independent state of
Kazakhstan
7.
Russian Federation
8.
Kaliningrad oblast /
province as Russian enclave in place of East Prussia
9.
Pridnestrovie as
Russian enclave within independent state of Moldova
10.
Crimean Republic as
Russian enclave within independent state of Ukraine
Internal buffer zones
11.
Independent Baltic
States (Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia)
12.
Independent state of
Ukraine
13.
Independent state of
Moldova
14.
Independent Caucasian
states (Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaidzan)
15.
Independent
Middle-Asian states (Uzbekistan, Turkmenia, Tadzhikistan, Kirgizia)
Other socio-cultural formations
16.
Japanese SCD
Hindu SCS
Model 40.
1.
External buffer zone in
the joint point of Hindu, Muslim and Chinese SCS-s
2.
External buffer zone
between Hindu and Chinese SCS-s
3.
Muslim enclaves
4.
Hindu enclave-community
within Southern buffer zone of Black African SCS
Model 41.
1.
External buffer zone in
the joint point of Hindu, Muslim and Chinese SCS-s
2.
External buffer zone
between Hindu and Chinese SCS-s
3.
Muslim enclaves
4.
Hindu enclave-community
within Southern buffer zone of Black African SCS
5.
Hindu enclave-community
within Eastern buffer zone of Black African SCS
Model 42.
1.
External buffer zone in
the joint point of Hindu, Muslim and Chinese SCS-s
2.
External buffer zone
between Hindu and Chinese SCS-s
3.
Muslim enclaves
South-American SCS
Model 44.
1.
Black African
enclave-communities within Portuguese-lingual territories of South-American SCS
2.
Black African
enclave-communities within Spanish-lingual territories of South-American SCS
3.
Western
enclave-communities within South-American SCS
4.
Black African
enclave-community in North America as the mixed socio-cultural region with
Western predominance
Model 45.
1.
Black African
enclave-communities within Portuguese-lingual territories of South-American SCS
2.
Black African
enclave-communities within Spanish-lingual territories of South-American SCS
3.
Western
enclave-communities within South-American SCS
4.
Black African
enclave-community in North America as the mixed socio-cultural region with
Western predominance
Model 46.
1.
Black African
enclave-communities within Portuguese-lingual territories of South-American SCS
2.
Black African
enclave-communities within Spanish-lingual territories of South-American SCS
3.
Black African
enclave-community in North America as the mixed socio-cultural region with
Western predominance
Model 47.
1.
Black African
enclave-communities within Spanish-lingual territories of South-American SCS
2.
Black African
enclave-community in North America as the mixed socio-cultural region with
Western predominance
Model 48.
1.
Black African
enclave-community in North America as the mixed socio-cultural region with
Western predominance
Model 49.
1.
Black African
enclave-community in North America as the mixed socio-cultural region with
Western predominance
Black African SCS
Model 51.
1.
Muslim enclaves on the
North of Black African SCS
2.
Muslim enclaves on the
West of Black African SCS
Model 52.
1.
Muslim enclaves on the
North of Black African SCS
2.
Muslim enclaves on the
West of Black African SCS
3.
Migration of Black
population to Madagascar as the mixed socio-cultural region
4.
Western enclave on the
South of Black African SCS
5.
Black African
enclave-community within South-American SCS
6.
Black African
enclave-community in North America as the mixed socio-cultural region with
Western predominance
Model 53.
1.
Muslim enclaves on the
North of Black African SCS
2.
Muslim enclaves on the
West of Black African SCS
3.
Migration of Black
population to Madagascar as the mixed socio-cultural region
4.
Western enclave on the
South of Black African SCS
5.
Western enclave on the
West of Black African SCS
6.
Black African
enclave-community within South-American SCS
7.
Black African
enclave-community in North America as the mixed socio-cultural region with
Western predominance
Model 54.
1.
Muslim enclaves on the
North of Black African SCS
2.
Muslim enclaves on the
West of Black African SCS
3.
Migration of Black
population to Madagascar as the mixed socio-cultural region
4.
Western enclave on the
South of Black African SCS
5.
Western enclave on the
West of Black African SCS
6.
Black African
enclave-community within South-American SCS
7.
Black African
enclave-community in North America as the mixed socio-cultural region with
Western predominance
Model 55.
1.
Muslim enclaves on the
North of Black African SCS
2.
Muslim enclaves on the
West of Black African SCS
3.
Migration of Black
population to Madagascar as the mixed socio-cultural region
4.
Black African
enclave-community in North America as the mixed socio-cultural region with
Western predominance
Model 56.
1.
Muslim enclaves on the
North of Black African SCS
2.
Muslim enclaves on the
West of Black African SCS
3.
Migration of Black
population to Madagascar as the mixed socio-cultural region
4. Black African enclave-community in North
America as the mixed socio-cultural region with Western predominance
5. EVOLUTION OF THE SPACES OF THE SOCIO-CULTURAL SYSTEMS: LEGEND TO THE
TIME-SPATIAL MODELS
HOMELANDS AND ENCLAVES
Civilization
Initial space of
the SCS in question
Homeland of the
SCS in question
Growth of homeland
of the SCS in question
Initial space of
the alien SCS(-s)
Homeland of the
alien SCS(-s)
Enclaves of the
SCS in question outside
its own homeland
Alien enclaves
within territory of
the SCS in
question
Enclave-communities
within alien SCS(-s)
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL BUFFER ZONES, AND
VASSALS
Process of
creating the
internal buffer
zones
Internal buffer
zones
of the SCS in
question
External buffer
zones
of the alien
SCS(-s)
Naturally
dependent vassals
Completely formed
external buffer zone
Process of
creating naturally dependent
vassals within
internal buffer zone
Internal buffer
zone with completely
formed naturally
dependent vassals
Process of
creating the external
socio-cultural
buffer zone
Military-political
vassals
MIXED SOCIO-CULTURAL REGIONS,
SOCIO-CULTURAL DOMAINS,
AND SOCIO-CULTURAL CONTEST
Mixed
socio-cultural regions
(South-East Asia)
Mixed
socio-cultural regions with Western
predominance
(North America and Australia)
Northern
socio-cultural domain
in times of its
independent existence
Homeland of a
socio-cultural domain
Socio-cultural
contest within some SCS
CONTACTS OF SOCIO-CULTURAL SYSTEMS
Conflict of
neighbouring SCS-s for control
over buffer spaces
Socio-cultural
transformation of new territories
Socio-cultural
pressure onto some SCS
Responsive actions
of the SCS in question
Socio-cultural
assimilation of aggressors / invaders - not
the Barbarian-Nomadic SCS’ representatives
Hindu enclaves
within Black African SCS:
their establishing
and then deportation outside
Competition of
SCS-s for control
over external
buffer spaces
CO-OPERATION OF SOCIO-CULTURAL SYSTEMS
Indirect
co-operation of Hindu and
Western SCS-s in
fighting common enemies
Common actions of
two SCS-s
aimed against the
third SCS
Migrations of the
Black African SCS
population onto
new territories
Lenin’s anti-colonial
(anti-Western) policy of Russian SCS during its communist stage /
program
Conflict of two
and more SCS-s within territory of a third SCS, with the latter’s passive
participation
BOUNDARIES AND LINEAL STRUCTURES
Defensive
constructions of a socio-cultural
significance (the
Great Chinese Wall)
States’
political boundaries
BARBARIAN-NOMADIC SCS: SPECIFIC LEGEND
Initial stage of the Barbarian-Nomadic SCS’
homeland existence
Homeland
which was of socio-cultural importance
for
Barbarian-Nomadic SCS
Homeland of Barbarian-Nomadic SCS during
its active
assimilation by neighbouring SCS-s
Part of the Barbarian-Nomadic SCS’ homeland
transformed
into homeland or
internal buffer zone of some SCS
Homeland which was not of socio-cultural
importance for
Barbarian-Nomadic SCS
Own
buffer zones of Barbarian-Nomadic SCS
Socio-cultural
integration of Barbarian-Nomadic SCS
and its further
socio-cultural assimilation within alien SCS
Migrations from
the Barbarian-Nomadic SCS’ homeland
aimed at establishing a short-term domination
over
some SCS and
further socio-cultural integration with it
Re-grouping
and transfers of forces within Barbarian-
Nomadic SCS, aimed
at integration with a certain SCS
Employing
Barbarian-Nomadic SCS for expanding
spaces controlled
by SCS - its integrator / assimilator
Contacts
within Barbarian-Nomadic SCS
Relics
of Barbarian-Nomadic SCS
6.1. BARBARIAN-NOMADIC SCS
Model 1. Initial period of the Barbarian-Nomadic SCS
existence, surrounded by neighbours
not internally ready to integrate with it
socio-culturally (from ansient times until I century AD)
Model 2. Establishing the buffer zone with Western SCS (I century - 375 AD)
Model 3. Socio-cultural integration of Barbarian-Nomadic and Western SCS.
Rise of the renewed Western SCS (from 375 until second
half of the VII century AD)
Model 4. Creating the buffer zones between Barbarian-Nomadic SCS and all of its
neighbouring SCS-s
(from the second half of theVII century until late XII
century)
Model 5. Socio-cultural integration of Barbarian-Nomadic SCS with all the
neighbouring, accessible to it SCS-s.
Socio-cultural assimilation of the Barbarian-Nomadic
SCS territory and population into these SCS
(late XII century - 1380-s)
Model 6. Rise of the Barbarian-Nomadic SCS residual
homeland and population.
Conflict of various neighbouring SCS-s for its
socio-cultural assimilation, with the Barbarian-Nomadic SCS itself marionette
participation in the process (1380-s - middle of the XX century)
Model 7. Establishing the Barbarian-Nomadic SCS residual homeland and population
on the borders of Russian and Chinese SCS-s as their
external buffer zone
(from the second half of the XX century and for some
future)
6.2. MUSLIM SCS
Model 8. Initial sporadic colonization of the
homeland territory in the most ancient civilizations and
unknown old centres of inhabitance (XXX - VII
centuries BC)
Model 9. Initial spatial defining of the Muslim SCS territory and its early
acquisition in the form of Empires.
Conflict with Western SCS of its second stage for
buffer spaces (750-s - 330-s BC)
Model 10. Socio-cultural contest of Muslim SCS. Creating the internal buffer
zones on borders with Western SCS. Assimilation of the other socio-cultural
systems’ population within the Muslim territories
(from 330-s BC until early VII century AD)
Model 11. Islam as the product of the socio-cultural contest; unification of the
Muslim territories based on Islam. Beginning of the Muslim controlled spaces
growth, and establishing the buffer zones between Muslim SCS and all of its
neighbouring SCS-s (Western, Barbarian-Nomadic, Hindu and Black African) (early
VII century - 1258)
Model 12. Socio-cultural integration with Barbarian-Nomadic SCS. Further growth
of the Muslim controlled spaces into the territories of Black African and Hindu
SCS-s. Creating the military-political vassals and buffer zones
with all the neighbouring SCS-s (1258 - early XVIII
century)
Model 13. Conflict for buffer spaces with various SCS-s. Loss of the
military-political vassals and the alien socio-cultural systems permanent
presence in the Muslim homeland. Diffusion of the Muslim communities outside
the Muslim homeland (early XVIII century - 1970-s)
Model 14. Liberation of the Muslim homeland and its internal buffer zones from
the alien socio-cultural systems permanent presence. Political-geographical
transformation of the Muslim SCS space based on its own socio-cultural
standards. Conflict with other SCS-s for the external buffer zones (from 1970-s
and for some future)
6.3. CHINESE SCS
Model 15.
Initial period of the
Chinese population existence and Chinese SCS creation
(from legendary Hsia Dynasty 1800 - 1500 BC to Eastern
Chou Dynasty 770 BC)
Model 16. Socio-cultural contest for creating the most efficient socio-cultural
standard for Chinese SCS
(from 770 to 221 BC - Eastern Chou Dynasty)
Model 17. Unification of the Chinese SCS territory based on the chosen
socio-cultural standard.
Beginning of the homeland growth and establishing the
naturally dependent vassals (221 BC - 317 AD)
Model 18. Creating the internal buffer zone on the North, new naturally dependent
vassals on the West
and new homeland on the South (317 - 1211 AD)
Model 19. Socio-cultural integration with Barbarian-Nomadic SCS.
Creating the internal buffer zones,
naturally dependent vassals and homeland growth on the
South. Unification of the socio-culturally transformed territories into the
united state (from 1211 until 1840-s)
Model 20. Defining the buffer zones territories through conflict with various
SCS-s. Military, political and economic presence of alien socio-cultural
systems in the Chinese homeland. Beginning of the Chinese population intensive
diffusion around the World (from 1840-s until the Great Cultural Revolution)
Model 21. Creating the integral internal buffer zone and liberation of the
Chinese homeland from the alien
socio-cultural systems presence. Establishing the
Chinese enclave-communities within Western SCS and
the mixed socio-cultural regions (as from the end of
the Great Cultural Revolution and for some future)
6.4. WESTERN SCS
Model 22.
Initial period of the
Western population existence and Western SCS creation.
Initial sporadic colonization of the homeland
territory in the most ancient civilizations
(from ancient times until 770 - 750-s BC)
|
Peoples of the
Asia Minor
|
|
|
Ancien
Greek civilization
|
|
|
Cretan-Mycenaean
civilization
|
|
Model 23. Greek-Roman times. Western homeland growth.
Rise of the first Empires and Greek-Roman communities
outside the homeland.
Establishing the buffer zone with Barbarian-Nomadic
SCS (770 - 750-s BC - 380-s AD)
Model 24. Socio-cultural integration with Barbarian-Nomadic SCS. Transformation
and further expansion
of the homeland. Creating internal buffer zones.
Defining the new ideological grounds of Western SCS,
based on Roman Catholicism (from 380-s AD until the
Crusades beginning)
Model 25. Socio-cultural contest of Western SCS. Transformation of the Pyrenees
Muslim enclave into internal buffer zone. Creating naturally dependent vassals
in the East-European buffer zone. Expansion outside own homeland into the mixed
socio-cultural regions (from the Crusades beginning until the discovery of
America)
Model 26.
Global overseas
colonial expansion of Western national states.
Growth of the homeland in the mixed socio-cultural
regions with Western predominance (1490-s - 1918)
|
South-Eastern buffer zone
|
|
ё
Model 27. Global war against other socio-cultural systems headed by Russian SCS.
Losing the control over colonies. Reversion of Western
population into own homeland and its redistribution between the mixed
socio-cultural regions with Western predominance and traditional Western
territories (1918 - 1990-s)
|
South-Eastern buffer zone
|
|
ё
Model 28. Transformation of the European homeland and stimulating further population
redistribution
between the territories of old homeland and mixed
socio-cultural regions with Western predominance.
Creating the American and South-Eastern internal and external
buffer zones (from 1990-s and for some future)
6.6. RUSSIAN SCS
Model 29. Initial period of the Slavonic world existence, with undeveloped
socio-cultural differences
(from ancient times until 882 AD)
Model 30. Period of the socio-cultural differences defining in the Slavonic
world.
Early accumulation of the Russian SCS
territory and population; establishing the internal and external buffer zones
(from 882 until end of the XI century)
Model 31. Socio-cultural contest for creating the most efficient socio-cultural
standard for Russian SCS. Socio-cultural integration with barbarian-nomadic SCS (from the end of the XI century until 1572)
Model 32. Creating the united Russian state, with utmost homeland, based on
Moscow socio-cultural standard
(from 1572 until 1700)
Model 33. Imperial program of the Russian SCS: creating naturally dependent
vassals and further homeland growth; expansion into neighbouring SCS-s as
resistance to Western SCS pressure onto these SCS-s
(from 1700 until 1917)
Model 34. Communist program of the Russian SCS: defining boundaries of own
socio-cultural spaces (especially internal and external buffer zones); leading
the global war against Western SCS expansion outside its homeland (1917 - 1991)
Model 35.
Nationalist program of
the Russian SCS: re-structuring own socio-cultural spaces;
maintaining balance of socio-cultural
powers in the World (from the end of the XX century and for some future)
6.6. HINDU SCS
Model 36.
Initial period of the
Indian population existence and rise of the ancient Hindu civilizations
as a form of sporadic colonization of the territory.
Rise of the Hindu SCS religious, cultural and social foundations (2500-s - 327
BC)
Model 43.
Initial existence of
the South-American population and sporadic colonization of the territory
in form of the most ancient civilizations (from
ancient times until the end of the XV century)
Model 44. Socio-cultural integration with Western and Black African SCS-s.
Spatial colonization / assimilation of the territory
and creating the renewed basis for South-American SCS
(from 1490-s until the 1823 Monroe Doctrine)
Model 45. Establishing the internal buffer zones and re-structuring own territory
based on the national states principles. Permanent
military-political and economic presence of Western SCS (represented by the
USA) (1823 - 1918)
Model 46. Operative involvement of the USA into South-American SCS rising.
Introduction of economic, social and military
innovations. Further creating the internal buffer zones. Co-operation of
South-American and Russian SCS-s in the struggle against permanent presence of
the USA (1918 - 1980-s)
Model 47. Liberation of the South-American SCS homeland from military, economic
and political presence of all
the alien socio-cultural systems. Creating the buffer
zone with Western SCS (in the mixed socio-cultural region
with Western predominance in North America). Operative
conversion of the submitted Western economic
and social innovations (from 1980-s and for some
future)
Model 48. Prognostic stage: Socio-cultural contest in South-American SCS
and its re-structuring in accordance with the own
renewed socio-cultural standards
(this period may last for a 100 years or more)
Model 49. Prognostic stage: Further intensive development of the South-American SCS territory
based on its own socio-cultural standards (quite
distant future)
6.8. BLACK AFRICAN SCS
Model 50.
Initial period of the
Black African population existence on the territory of its homeland,
at the stage of clan-tribal organisation (from ancient
times until IV century AD)
Model 51. Beginning of the contacts with Muslim SCS, rise of the early states;
creating the Northern and Eastern internal buffer
zones (IV - end of the XV centuries)
Model 52. Beginning of the contacts with Western SCS, creating the Western and Southern
internal buffer zones. Overseas diffusion of the Black African population and
establishing the enclave-communities within alien
socio-cultural formations. Participation in the
evolution of South-American SCS, on its 2nd stage
(end of the XV century - 1880-s)
Model 53. Spatial seizure of Black African SCS by Western SCS. Introduction of
the superficial
economic, social and military innovations.
Co-operation of Black African and Russian SCS-s in the struggle
against Western SCS control over the Black African
homeland (1880-s - 1960)
Model 54. Liberation of the Black African SCS homeland from military, economic
and political presence of
all the alien socio-cultural systems. Operative
conversion of the submitted economic and social innovations
(from 1960 and for some future)
Model 55. Prognostic stage: Socio-cultural contest in Black African SCS and
its re-structuring in accordance with the own renewed
socio-cultural standards
(this period may last for a 100 years or more)
Model 56. Prognostic stage: Further intensive development of Black African SCS based on its own
socio-cultural standards. Establishing connections between the Black African
homeland and its overseas enclave-communities
(quite distant future)
7. PERIODS AND SUBPERIODS OF THE SOCIO-CULTURAL SYSTEMS EVOLUTION
|
Barbarian-Nomadic SCS
|
Muslim SCS
|
Chinese SCS
|
Western SCS
|
Russian SCS
|
Hindu SCS
|
South-American SCS
|
Black African SCS
|
|
From ancient times until beginning of the
Christian era
|
|
1.1. - from XXX century until VII century
BC
|
|
1.1. - from ancient times until 770 -
750-s BC
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.1. - from 750-s until 559 BC
|
1.1. - from 1800 - 1500-s until 770-s BC
|
2.1. - from 770 - 750-s until 500-s BC
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.2. - from 559 until 330 BC
|
2.1. - from 770-s until 403 BC
|
2.2. - from 500-s until 323 BC
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.1. - from ancient times until I century
BC
|
3.1. - from 330 until 50 - 40-s BC
|
2.2. - from 403 until 221 BC
|
2.3. - from 323
until 113 BC
|
|
1.1. - from 2500-s until 320-s BC
|
|
|
|
2.1. - from I century BC until 175 AD
|
3.2. - from 50 - 40-s BC until 175 AD
|
3.1. - from 221 BC until 25 AD
|
2.4. - from 113 BC until 175 AD
|
|
2.1. - from 327 BC until 50 AD
|
|
1.1. - from ancient times until IV century
AD
|
|
From the beginning of the Christian era
until VI century
|
|
2.2. - from 175 until 375
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.1. - from 375 until early V century
|
3.3. - from 175 until 380
|
3.2. from 25 until 317
|
2.5. - from 175 until 380-s
|
|
2.2. - from 50 until 320
|
|
|
|
3.2. - from early V century until middle
of the VI century
|
3.4. - from 380 until early VII century
|
4.1. - from 317 until 580-s
|
3.1. - from 380-s until middle of the VI
century
|
|
2.3. - from 320 until 711
|
|
2.1. - from IV century until IX century
|
|
From VI until X centuries
|
|
3.3. - from the middle of the VI century
until second half of the VII century
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.1. - from the second half of the VII century
until IX century
|
|
|
|
1.1. - from ancient times until 882
|
3.1. - from 711 until 999
|
|
|
|
4.2. - from IX century until late XII century
|
4.1. - from early VII century until 750
|
4.2. - from 580-s until early X century
|
3.2. - from the middle of the VI century
until middle - end of the X century
|
2.1. - from 882 until 988
|
3.2. - from 999 until early XIII century
|
|
2.2. - from IX century until late XI century
|
|
Õ - ÕI - XII - XIII
centuries
|
|
|
4.3. - from early X century until 960-s
|
|
2.2. - from 988 until 1097
|
|
|
|
|
5.1. - from 1180 until 1205
|
4.2. - from 750-s until late XI century
|
4.4. - from 960-s until 1211
|
|
3.1. - from 1097 until 1169
|
|
|
|
|
5.2. - from 1205 until 1270-s
|
4.3. - from late XI century until 1258
|
5.1. - from 1211 until 1280-s
|
4.1. - from the middle - end of the X
century until 1291
|
3.2. - from 1169 until 1237
|
|
|
|
|
5.3. - from 1270-s until 1380-s
|
5.1. - from 1258 until 1360
|
5.2. - from 1280-s until 1368
|
4.2. - from 1291 until 1490-s
|
3.3. - from 1237 until 1380-s
|
4.1. - from early XIII century until
1340-s
|
|
2.3. - from late XI century until 1490-s
|
|
ÕIV - XV centuries
|
|
|
|
|
3.4. - from 1380-s until 1478
|
|
|
|
|
6.1. - from 1380 -s until 1570-s
|
5.2. - from 1360 until 1502
|
5.3. - from 1368 until 1644
|
5.1. - from 1490-s until 1660-s
|
3.5.1 - from 1478 until 1564
|
4.2. - from 1340-s until 1526
|
1.1. - from ancient times until 1490-s
|
3.1. - from 1490-s until 1820-s
|
|
ÕVI - ÕVII centuries
|
|
|
|
|
3.5.2. - from 1564 until 1572
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.1.1.- from 1572 until 1598
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.1.2. - from 1598 until 1640-s
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.2.1. - from 1640-s until late 1680-s
|
4.3. - from 1526 until 1658
|
2.1. - from 1490-s until 1650-s
|
|
|
6.2. - from 1570 -s until late 1650-s
|
5.3. - from 1502 until early XVIII
century
|
5.4. - from 1644 until late 1760-s
|
5.2. - from 1660-s until 1760-s
|
4.2.2. - from late 1680-s until 1700
|
5.1. - from 1658 until 1763
|
2.2. - from 1650-s until 1780-s
|
|
|
ÕVIII century
|
|
|
|
|
5.1.1 - from 1700 until 1756
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.1.2. - from 1756 until 1772
|
|
|
|
|
6.1. - from early until late XVIII
century
|
|
|
5.2.1. - from 1772 until 1795
|
|
|
|
|
6.3. - from 1660-s until 1800
|
6.2. - from late XVIII until 1880-s
|
5.5. - from late 1760-s until 1840
|
5.3. - from 1760-s until 1820-s
|
5.2.2. - from 1795 until 1815
|
5.2. - from 1763 until 1818
|
2.3. - from 1780-s until 1820-s
|
|
|
ÕIÕ century
|
|
|
|
5.4.1. - from 1820-s until late 1850-s
|
5.3. - from 1815 until late 1850-s
|
|
|
|
|
6.4. - from 1801 until 1896
|
|
|
5.4.2. - from late 1850-s until 1892
|
5.4.1. - from late 1850-s until 1892
|
5.3. - from 1818
until 1885
|
3.1. - from 1820-s until 1870-s
|
3.2 - from 1820-s until 1880-s
|
|
6.5. - from 1896
until 1953
|
6.3. - from 1880-s until late 1940-s
|
6.1. - from 1840 until 1911
|
5.5. - from 1892 until 1918
|
5.4.2. - from 1892 until 1917
|
5.4. - from 1885 until 1945
|
3.2. - from 1870-s until 1918
|
4.1. - from 1880-s until 1940-s
|
|
ÕÕ century
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.1. - from 1917 until 1924
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1. - from 1918 until 1939
|
6.1.2. - from 1924 until 1939
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.2.1. - from 1939 until May 1945
|
6.2.1. - from 1939 until May 1945
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.2. - from 1911 until 1949
|
6.2.2. - from May 1945 until late 1980-s
|
6.2.2. - from May 1945 until late 1980-s
|
|
4.1. - from 1918 until 1945
|
4.2. - from 1940-s until 1960
|
|
6.4. - from late 1940-s until late 1970-s
|
6.3. - from 1949 until second half of the
1960-s
|
6.2.3. - from late 1980-s until late
1990-s
|
6.2.3. - from late 1980-s until late
1990-s
|
6.1. - from 1945 until 1974
|
4.2. - from 1945 until 1980-s
|
5.1. - from 1960 until late 1980-s
|
|
7.1. - from 1953
and for some future
|
7.1. - from late 1970-s and for some
future
|
7.1. - from the second half of the 1960-s
and for some future
|
7.1. - from late 1990-s and for some
future
|
7.1. - from late 1990-s and for some
future
|
6.2. - from 1974 and for some future
|
5.1. - from 1980-s and for some future
|
5.2. - from late 1980-s and for sone future
|
|
ÕÕI century
|
Subperiod 7.1. continues
|
Subperiod 7.1. continues
|
Subperiod 7.1. continues
|
Subperiod 7.1. continues
|
Subperiod 7.1. continues
|
Subperiod 6.2. continues
|
Subperiod 5.1. continues
|
Subperiod 5.2. continues
|
|
total number of
subperiods in the SCS-s evolution
|
|
17
|
18
|
18
|
18
|
17
|
15
|
9
|
10
|
GENERAL TABLE OF PERIODS AND SUBPERIODS
IN THE SOCIO-CULTURAL SYSTEMS’ EVOLUTION
|
PERIODS AND SUBPERIODS
|
Barbarian-Nomadic SCS
|
Muslim SCS
|
Chinese
SCS
|
Western SCS
|
Russian
SCS
|
Hindu
SCS
|
South-American SCS
|
Black
African SCS
|
Average
number of subperiods within a period
|
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
5
|
2
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
2.75
|
|
3
|
3
|
4
|
2
|
2
|
5
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2.75
|
|
4
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
2
|
2
|
2.5
|
|
5
|
3
|
3
|
5
|
5
|
4
|
4
|
unknown for the time being
|
unknown for the time being
|
4
|
|
6
|
5
|
4
|
3
|
2
|
2
|
unknown for the time being
|
prognosis
|
prognosis
|
3.2
|
|
7
|
unknown for the time being
|
unknown for the time being
|
unknown for the time being
|
unknown for the time being
|
unknown for the time being
|
prognosis
|
prognosis
|
prognosis
|
unknown for the time being
|
|
Number of completed subperiods in the SCS’
evolution
|
17
|
18
|
18
|
18
|
17
|
15
|
9
|
10
|
Total
122
|
|
Number of completed subperiods by the time when 7.1. begins
|
17
|
18
|
18
|
18
|
17
|
Prognosis 17 - 18
|
Prognosis
17 - 18
|
Prognosis
17 - 18
|
Prognosis
139 - 142
|