Pushkin
Pushkin
Pushkin is the most important
Russian writer of all time, like Shakespeare in England or Dante in Italy.
Pushkin provided the standards for Russian arts and literature in the 19th
century. Pushkin was born in Moscow in 1799 into an upper-class family. In 1811
he entered a lyceum at Tsarskoye Solo.
The education offered at the lyceum
shaped Pushkin's life. He graduated from the lyceum in 1817 and began to work
in the foreign office in St. Petersburg. In 1820 the foreign office transferred
Pushkin to Ekaterinoslav, and later to Odessa for writing anti-tsarist poetry.
In 1824, for his letters against the tsar, he was exiled to Mikhailovskoye.
In 1824, Tsar Nicholas I allowed
Pushkin to return to Moscow. Pushkin felt in love with Natalya Goncharova,-who
was lfrthen, and in 1830 they got married. His wife was suspected of an affair
with Baron Georges d'Antes; this became the subject of gossip.
Pushkin challenged d'Antes to a
duel. Pushkin was wounded and died two days later. Pushkin was Russia's
greatest poet. In his works he was first influenced by 18th century poets, and
then by Lord Byron. Finally he developed bis own style, which was realistic but
classical in form. His earliest long poem was romantic «Ruslan and Lyudmila»
(1818-1820).
А series of verse tales followed- «The Prisoner of the Caucasus», «The
Robber Brothers», «The Fountain ofBakhchisarai», and «The Gypsies». They were
inspired by Syren's poetry. In 1823 Pushkin began writing his masterpiece
«Eugene Onegin», a novel in verse. «Eugen Onegin» became the linguistic and
literary standard. It is a commentary on the life of the early I 9th century
Russia. It is noted for brilliant verse.
He also wrote other long poems,
including «Bronze Horseman» (1833), the finest collection of lyrics in Russian
literature. Pushkin created also a number of masterpieces in drama and prose.
«Little Tragedies» and «The Stone Guest» are among the best works in the world
history of drama. Pushkin's love to Russia's past resulted in his historical
drama, «Boris Godunov» (1825). «Tales of the Late l.P.Belkin», «Dubrovsky»,
«The Captain's Daughter» are the most important of his prose works. Pushkin's
use of Russian influenced the of great Russian writers Turgenev, Goncharov,
Tolstoy.
Pushkin's early death shocked the
country. Pushkin, called by many «the sun of Russian literature», belongs among
the foremost poets and writers of the world.
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